IN BRIEF Origin of the abacus: an ancient calculating tool used since 2000 B.C. Key inventions: William Schickard and his calculating machine in 1623 Blaise Pascal and the Pascaline in 1642 Mechanical machines by Charles Babbage in the 19th century Evolution of tools: From the abacus to the electronic calculator (ENIAC in 1945) Introduction of … Read more
IN BRIEF Data analysis for informed decisions. Statistics as decision-support tools. Impact of data on strategic choices. Optimization of resources through statistical methods. Simplification of decision-making despite the complexity of data. Growing use of business data for optimal decisions. Fundamental role of statistics in corporate strategy. In a world where information abounds, statistics present themselves … Read more
IN SHORT Mathematical logic as the foundation of philosophical thinking. The relationship between mathematics and philosophy through the centuries. Influence of modern philosophers on mathematics. The philosophy of mathematics and its foundations. Contributions of figures like Descartes and Pascal. Abstraction and generalization in reasoning. Kant’s approaches to the independence of mathematics. Mathematics, as a rigorous … Read more
IN BRIEF Set ℕ: Natural integers (0, 1, 2, …) Set ℤ: Relative integers (positive and negative) Set ℚ: Rational numbers (fractions) Set ℝ: Real numbers including irrationals Set ℝ⁺: Positive real numbers Set ℝ⁻: Negative real numbers Use of the number line to represent the sets Importance of properties and relations between the sets … Read more
IN BRIEF Squares: A number raised to the power of 2. Cubes: A number raised to the power of 3. Square and cube numbers can add together. Examples of numbers: 1 and 64 are both squares and cubes. Calculating a square root or cube root is the inverse operation of raising a number. Used in … Read more
IN BRIEF Modeling natural phenomena Prediction of environmental effects Optimization of energy resources: solar and wind Analysis of the impact of climate change Development of new models for ecosystems Use of carbon balance for sustainability Mathematics play an essential role in understanding and solving environmental problems. Through predictive models and equations, they allow for the … Read more
IN BRIEF Use nature to teach mathematics Offer hands-on activities outdoors Contextualized learning environment Exploring mathematical concepts through the environment Develop problem-solving skills Encourage imagination and oral expression Integrate geometry and modeling concepts Promote student engagement in their learning Active and playful learning in the open air Using nature as a learning support for mathematics … Read more
IN BRIEF Origins of mathematics in antiquity Significant advances during the Renaissance with Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo Contributions from Babylonians and Egyptians to numeration Evolution of mathematical concepts through the centuries Development of mathematical functions Influence of mathematics on physics and the sciences Resolution of mathematical theorems and problems Emergence of applications of mathematics in … Read more
IN BRIEF Modern cryptography: Securing transactions and generating trust. Mathematical problems: Utilizing unsolved problems, such as the factorization of large numbers. History: The cryptographic system RSA developed by Ronald Rivest and his colleagues in 1977. Applications: Computer programs derived from cryptographic protocols. Prime numbers: Essential for cryptography research. Encoding function: Encryption keys validated through bijections. … Read more
IN SHORT Universal language linking various fields: physics, biology, computer science Allows precise communication without words Regarded as the most precise language to describe the Universe Ability to transcend cultural boundaries Use of symbols and formal structures Recognition by iconic figures such as Galileo Galilei Stable interpretation of concepts independently of words Mathematics are often … Read more