IN BRIEF Quasars: Immense black holes at the heart of galaxies. Energy emission: They produce significant amounts of energy by devouring matter. Cosmic evolution: Help in understanding the evolution of the Universe. Interaction with galaxies: Influence the formation and evolution of galaxies. Quasar winds: Produce jets of radiation altering the galactic environment. Energy role: Among … Read more
IN BRIEF Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB): fossil radiation of the universe Fluctuations: temperature differences, indicating anisotropies Blue regions: cooler, indicating areas of low energy Red regions: warmer, signaling areas of high energy Inflation: early period of the universe explaining certain fluctuations Measurements by satellites WMAP and Planck CMB reveals characteristic B modes Temperature dipole: origin … Read more
IN SHORT Gran Telescopio de Canarias: Primary mirror with a diameter of 10.4 meters. European Extremely Large Telescope (ELT): Expected to open in 2027 with a mirror of 39 meters. Very Large Telescope (VLT): Flagship equipment of European astronomy. Southern African Large Telescope (SALT): Mirror of 11.1 meters. Schmidt Telescopes: Used for photographic astrometry. Large … Read more
IN BRIEF Primordial nucleosynthesis: Formation of the first atoms after the Big Bang. Timing: Approximately 380,000 years after the Big Bang. Elements formed: Mainly hydrogen and helium. First molecule: The ion HeH+, possibly the first molecule. Conditions: Initial temperatures around 10^9 K. Electrons and atoms: Electrons combine with nuclei to form atoms. In the vastness … Read more
IN BRIEF Satellite Planck launched in 2009 by the European Space Agency. Objective: to map the anisotropies of the cosmic radiation. Discovery of a supercluster of galaxies through its imprint on the cosmic background radiation. Analysis of the cosmic microwave background, light emitted 380,000 years after the Big Bang. Onboard instruments: Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) … Read more
IN BRIEF Cosmic time: central concept in cosmology to model the universe. History of objects: each element of the universe has its own temporal journey. Cosmological models: assume uniformity and isotropy of the universe. Coordination of events: necessary interaction between time and space to structure the universe. General relativity: revolutionized the perception of time in … Read more
IN BRIEF Dark energy: makes up about 68% of the Universe. Accelerates the expansion of the Universe due to its repulsive nature. Dark matter and dark energy: two great mysteries of astrophysics. Recent progress shows that the expansion of the Universe is faster than expected. Use of telescopes like Hubble and Euclid to study these … Read more
IN BRIEF Dark matter makes up about 85% of the mass of the Universe. It is invisible and undetectable, making its study complex. Represents one of the biggest mysteries of modern cosmology. Its existence is necessary to explain the movement of galaxies. Theories like modified gravity attempt to unravel this mystery. Less than 5% of … Read more
IN BRIEF Expansion of the Universe: phenomenon of galaxies moving away from each other. Observation by Edwin Hubble in 1929 on distance and redshift. Dynamic spaces: influence of gravity on space-time. Speed of expansion and its impact on cosmology. Origin of the Universe: about 13.8 billion years ago. Big Bang Theory and its implications for … Read more
IN BRIEF Big Bang: Cosmological model on the origin of the Universe. Describes the evolution of the Universe from a dense and homogeneous state. Observational evidence, such as the cosmic microwave background. Explained by the abundance of primordial helium. Diverse data sources corroborate the theory. Scientific consensus on the birth of the Universe from the … Read more